توجه : جهت برخورداری از تخفیف سایت ثبت نام و با کد کاربری خود سفارش ثبت نمائید. زیرا تخفیف فقط برای اعضا در نظر گرفته شده و قابل رویت است.

توجه : درج کد پستی و شماره تلفن همراه و ثابت جهت ارسال مرسوله الزامیست .

توجه:حداقل ارزش بسته سفارش شده بدون هزینه پستی می بایست 100000 ریال باشد.

Hafez Ibrahim

Hafez Ibrahim (Arabic: حافظ إبراهيم, Ḥafeẓ Ibrāheem‎) (1871-1932) was known as the Poet of the Nile, and sometimes the Poet of the People, as his writings were widely revered by ordinary Egyptians. His poetry was often about subjects with which the majority of Egyptians were familiar, such as poverty and the politics of foreign occupation. He was one of several Egyptian poets that revived Arabic poetry during the latter half of the 19th century. While still using the classical Arabic system of meter and rhyme, these poets wrote to express new ideas and feelings unknown to the classical poets. Hafez is noted for writing poems on political and social commentary.

He was born on a ship floating in the Nile near Dairout, which is a city in Asyut District. His father was Egyptian, and his mother was Turkish. Both died when he was young. Before his mother died, she brought him to Cairo. There, he lived with his poor uncle, a government engineer. His Uncle later moved to Tanta, where Hafez went to school. Hafez was touched by his uncle's poverty; after a time, he left his uncle. ِ After this, Hafez spent some time living on the Tanta streets. He eventually ended up in the office of Muhammed Abu Shadi, who was one of the 1919 revolution leaders.

Hafez Ibrahim is quoted of saying: “When you educate a woman, you create a nation.”

Works

Many poems were written by Hafez, for example:

• Albasoka Al-deema' Fawq Al-deema', ألبسوك الدماء فوق الدماء (They have dressed you the blood over blood).^[1]
• Ya Saidy wa Emami, يا سيدي و إمامي (O, My Mister and my Imam).^[1]
• Shakrto Jameela Sonekom, شكرت جميل صنعكم (I've thanked your favor).^[1]
• Masr Tataklam 'an Nafseha, مصر تتكلم عن نفسها (Egypt talks about herself).^[1]
• Le Kes'a An'em behe mn Kes'a, لي كساء أنعم به من كساء (I've a dress, and what an excellent dress).^[1]
• Qol lel ra'ies Adama Allah Dawlatahu,قل للرئيس أدام الله دولته (Tell the President, May Allah eternized his state).^[1]
• Translation of Les Misérables by Victor Hugo, 1903^[2]

Ahmed Shawqi

Ahmed Shawqi أحمد شوقي
Portrait of Ahmed Shawqi.
Born	December 25, 1868 Cairo, Khedivate of Egypt
Died	October 14, 1932 (aged 64) Cairo, Kingdom of Egypt
Occupation	Playwright, poet
Period	19th–20th century

Ahmed Shawqi (1868–1932) (Arabic: أحمد شوقي‎, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [ˈʔæħmæd ˈʃæwʔi]), also written as Ahmed Chawki, nicknamed Amīr al-Shu‘arā’ (The Prince of Poets, Arabic: أمير الشعراء‎), was one of the greatest Arabic poets laureate,^[1] an Egyptian poet and dramatist who pioneered the modern Egyptian literary movement, most notably introducing the genre of poetic epics to the Arabic literary tradition. On the paternal side he was of Circassian, Greek^[2] and Kurdish descent,^[3] and on the maternal side of Turkish and Greek descent.^[4]

8. Life

   Raised in a privileged setting with Turkish, Kurdish, Circassian, Greek, and Arab roots,^[5] his family was prominent and well-connected with the court of the Khedive of Egypt. Upon graduating from high school, he attended law school, obtaining a degree in translation. Shawqi was then offered a job in the court of the Khedive Abbas II, which he immediately accepted.

   After a year working in the court of the Khedive, Shawqi was sent to continue his studies in Law at the Universities of Montpellier and Paris for three years. While in France, he was heavily influenced by the works of French playwrights, most notably Molière and Racine. He returned to Egypt in 1894, and remained a prominent member of Arab literary culture until the British forced him into exile in southern Spain, Andalusia, in 1914. Shawqi remained there until 1920, when he returned to Egypt. In 1927 he was crowned by his peers Amir al-Sho’araa’ (literally, "the Prince of Poets") in recognition of his considerable contributions to the literary field.

   He used to live in ‘Karmet Ibn Hani’ or Ibn Hani’s Vineyard at Al-Matariyyah area near the palace of the Khedive Abbas II at Saray El-Qobba until he was exiled. After returning to Egypt he built a new house at Giza which he named the new Karmet Ibn Hani.^[6] He met Mohammed Abdel Wahab, and introduced him for the first time to art, making him his protégé as he gave him a suite in his house. The house later on became Ahmed Shawki Museum and Mohammed Abdel Wahab became one of the most famous Egyptian composers.

   Legacy

   
   Monument of Shawqi in Villa Borghese, Rome by Egyptian Sculptor Gamal El-Sagini

   Shawqi’s work can be categorized into three main periods during his career. The first coincides with the period during which he occupied a position at the court of the Khedive, consisting of eulogies to the Khedive: praising him or supporting his policy. The second comprised the period of his exile in Spain. During this period, his feeling of nostalgia and sense of alienation directed his poetic talent to patriotic poems on Egypt as well as the Arab world and panarabism. The third stage occurred after his return from exile, during that period he became preoccupied with the glorious history of Ancient Egypt and Islam. This was the period during which he wrote his religious poems, in praise of the Prophet Muhammad. The maturation of his poetic style was also reflected in his plays, the most notable of which were published during this period.

   Plays

   
   Ahmed Shawki

   Shawqi was the first in modern Arabic literature to write poetic plays. He wrote five tragedies:

   • Majnun Laila (literally "The Mad about Layla"), his first play.
   • The Death of Cleopatra
   • 'Antara
   • Ali bek el-Kabeer
   • Qambeez (Cambyses II), 1931

   and two comedies:

   • Es-Set Huda (Madam Huda)
   • El-Bakhila (the Miser)

   in addition to a prose play: the Princess of Andalusia.

   
   Ahmed Shawki Museum, Egypt

   Poetry

   • Esh-Shawqiyyat, his selected works, in four volumes, including Nahj al-Burda, a tribute to the Prophet Muhammad
   • The States of Arabs and the Great Men of Islam, A long poem about the History of Islam.

   Prose

   He also wrote chapters of prose, collected under the title: The Markets of Gold.

   Legacy in Egypt

   • His home was turned into Ahmed Shawki Museum
   • The street of his home in Giza was named after him.
   • Many statues were erected to honor him inside & outside Egypt.
   • Shawqi is celebrated in several parts of the world and in Egypt there is a monthly lecture series about his poetry at the Sawy Culture wheel.
   • A postage stamp was issued in the 1990s in Egypt to honor his memory.
   • Google made a doodle for him on selected Arabic-speaking countries on October 16, 2010 in honor of his memory^{[citation needed][7]}
   • Many books were written about his life.^[8]

   Notes
9. Egypt. "Poet Laurate". Tripadvisor.com. Retrieved 2012-12-20.
11. "via Al-Ahram News Paper". Ahram.org.eg. Retrieved 2012-12-20.
13. Goldschmidt, Arthur (2000). Biographical Dictionary of Modern Egypt. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-55587-229-8.
15. Brugman, J. (1984). An introduction to the history of modern Arabic literature in Egypt. BRILL. pp. 35–36. ISBN 9004071725.
17. Shahid, Irfan (2010), "Ahmad Shawqi (1868-1932)", in Allen, Roger M. A.; Lowry, Joseph Edmund; Stewart, Devin J. (eds.), Essays in Arabic Literary Biography: 1850-1950, p. 305, ISBN 3447061413
19. My Father Shawky by Hussin Ahmed Shawky 2nd edition (in arabic) General authority of culture palaces 2006 Cairo
21. "Google & Ahmed Shawki". Retrieved 2012-12-20.
8. "Biblotica Alexandrina List of Books about Ahmed Shawki (in Arabic)" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-12-20.